@PhDThesis{Mendes:2018:DiRaFi,
author = "Mendes, Lucin{\'e}ia da Silva Sousa",
title = "Din{\^a}mica de ra{\'{\i}}zes finas em rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o
{\`a} disponibilidade sazonal de nutrientes e de diferentes
n{\'{\i}}veis de deposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o {\'u}mida em florestas
tropicais",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2018",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2018-02-20",
keywords = "ra{\'{\i}}zes finas, decomposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o de
ra{\'{\i}}zes, biomassa abaixo do solo, floresta tropical,
n{\'u}cleo tropical, fine roots, decomposition of roots, biomass
below ground, tropical forest, ingrowth core.",
abstract = "Os estudos sobre a Produtividade de Ra{\'{\i}}zes (PR) em
rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o {\`a} disponibilidade de nutrientes no solo e
na atmosfera associados {\`a}s condi{\c{c}}{\~o}es
meteorol{\'o}gicas contribuem para o aperfei{\c{c}}oamento das
estimativas regionais de produtividade prim{\'a}ria em Florestas
Tropicais. Investiga{\c{c}}{\~o}es sobre PR possuem um
importante papel na compreens{\~a}o da rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre
clima e processos biol{\'o}gicos. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa em
quest{\~a}o tem por objetivo investigar a din{\^a}mica de
ra{\'{\i}}zes finas (ø \≤ 2 mm), identificar e relacionar
os principais fatores que controlam a produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o, a taxa
de decomposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o, a disponibilidade de carbono e
nutrientes e deposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o {\'u}mida em tr{\^e}s
s{\'{\i}}tios florestais em diferentes est{\'a}dios
sucessionais na Mata Atl{\^a}ntica, que foram: Parque Estadual da
Serra do Mar N{\'u}cleo Cunha Indai{\'a} (PESM-Cn), {\'a}rea de
refer{\^e}ncia e, minimamente antropizada; Parque Estadual das
Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), {\'a}rea inserida na Regi{\~a}o
Metropolitana da cidade de S{\~a}o Paulo (RMSP), altamente
impactada e a Unidade Regional do INPE de Cachoeira Paulista
(URCP), {\'a}rea em recupera{\c{c}}{\~a}o, considerada rural.
Foi utilizada a t{\'e}cnica de n{\'u}cleo de crescimento
(ingrowth), sacolas de decomposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o (litter bags) e
coletores de chuva tipo bulk para medir respectivamente,
produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o, decomposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o e
deposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o atmosf{\'e}rica. Al{\'e}m disso, foi
analisada a composi{\c{c}}{\~a}o qu{\'{\i}}mica dos nutrientes
contidos nos solos, ra{\'{\i}}zes e {\'a}gua de chuva a fim de
identificar se este {\'e} um dos fatores que influenciam na
din{\^a}mica de ra{\'{\i}}zes. Os resultados sugerem que as
concentra{\c{c}}{\~o}es de nutrientes dispon{\'{\i}}veis no
solo variaram em fun{\c{c}}{\~a}o das diferentes idades
sucessionais dos s{\'{\i}}tios, e do n{\'{\i}}vel de
perturba{\c{c}}{\~a}o e cobertura vegetal e apresentaram a
seguinte ordem: PESM-Cn>PEFI>URCP. O s{\'{\i}}tio em
est{\'a}dio inicial de sucess{\~a}o, URCP, apresentou maior
valor de biomassa total de ra{\'{\i}}zes finas (BRF)(0,384Mg
ha-1) quando comparado com o PEFI (0,253 Mg ha-1) e PESM-Cn (0,262
Mg ha-1). Em rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o{\`a} taxa de
decomposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o de ra{\'{\i}}zes (k), foram observados
maiores valores durante a esta{\c{c}}{\~a}o chuvosade 2015 para
a URCP (0,0129), PESM-Cn (0,0106) e para o PEFI (0,0075). Dentre
os fatores que se destacaram como controladores da din{\^a}mica
de ra{\'{\i}}zes finas em cada s{\'{\i}}tio estudado
est{\~a}o: a qualidade qu{\'{\i}}mica do solo, textura e pH do
solo, umidade e precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o pluviom{\'e}trica.
Constatou-se que a varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o na din{\^a}mica de
ra{\'{\i}}zes finas {\'e} influenciada pela quantidade de
precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o, e n{\~a}o pela disponibilidade de
nutrientes presentes na deposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o atmosf{\'e}rica,
exceto no PESM-Cn onde ocorre alta deposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o de NO3- e
no PEFI onde ocorre deposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o de NH4+, NO3- e COD. A
maior propor{\c{c}}{\~a}o de biomassa a{\'e}rea (BA) foi
encontrado no PESM-Cn (60,75 Mg ha-1), seguido pelo PEFI(27,39 Mg
ha-1) e URCP (19,08 Mg ha-1). Como esperado, a
varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o de BRF nos s{\'{\i}}tios estudados {\'e}
menor do que a BA, porque a radicular tende a se ajustar ao
n{\'{\i}}vel de {\'a}gua e nutrientes, j{\'a} a parte
a{\'e}rea variou com o est{\'a}dio sucessional. Este estudo
forneceu, pela primeira vez, uma an{\'a}lise temporal e espacial
de decomposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o de ra{\'{\i}}zes finas na Mata
Atl{\^a}ntica e ressalta a necessidade de avaliar aspectos da
produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o de ra{\'{\i}}zes em escala de paisagem e
durante per{\'{\i}}odos mais extensos de tempo, para que sejam
produzidos dados mais robustos sobre din{\^a}mica de
ra{\'{\i}}zes finas na Mata Atl{\^a}ntica. Os resultados deste
xvi estudo ser{\~a}o {\'u}teis para balan{\c{c}}os de carbono e
nutrientes nos compartimentos solo-planta-atmosfera, modelagem
ambiental e estudos de ecossistemas. ABSTRACT: Studies on roots
productivity in relation to the availability of nutrients in the
soil and in the atmosphere associated with meteorological
conditions contribute to the improvement of the regional estimates
of primary productivity in Tropical Forests. Root productivity
research has an important role in understanding the relationship
between climate and biological processes. In this context, the
present research aims to investigate the dynamics of fine roots (ø
\≤ 2 mm), to identify and relate the main factors
controlling production, rate of decomposition, availability of
carbon and nutrients and wet deposition in three forest sites in
different successional stages in the Atlantic Forest, which are:
Serra do Mar State Park - Cunha Indai{\'a} Nucleus (PESM-Cn),
area of reference and, minimally anthropized; Ipiranga State Park
(PEFI), a region within the Metropolitan Area of S{\~a}o Paulo
(RMSP), highly impacted, and the National Institute for Space
Research (INPE) Regional Unit of Cachoeira Paulista (URCP), a
recovering area considered rural. The ingrowth technique, litter
bags and bulk collectors were used to measure, respectively,
production, decomposition and atmospheric deposition.In addition,
the chemical composition of nutrients contained in soils, roots
and rainwater in order to identify if this is one of the factors
that influence in the dynamics of roots. The results suggest that
the nutrient concentrations available in the soil varied according
to the different successional ages of the sites and the level of
disturbance and vegetation cover. They presented the following
order: PESM-Cn> PEFI> URCP. The initial succession stage site,
URCP, presented higher value of total fine root biomass (BRF)
(0.384 Mg ha-1) when compared to PEFI (0.253 Mg ha-1) and PESM-Cn
(0.262Mg ha -1). In relation to the root decomposition rate (k),
higher values were observed during the rainy season of 2015 for
URCP (0.0129), PESM-Cn (0.0106) and PEFI (0.0075). Among the
factors that stood out as controllers of the dynamics of fine
roots in each site studied are: soil chemical quality, soil
texture and pH, humidity and rainfall. It was verified that the
variation in the dynamics of fine roots is influenced by the
amount of precipitation and not by the availability of nutrients
present in the atmospheric deposition, except in the PESM-Cn where
high deposition of NO3- occurs and in the PEFI where NH4+
deposition occurs, NO3- and COD. It was verified that the
variation in the dynamics of fine roots is influenced by the
amount of precipitation, and not by the availability of nutrients
presented in the atmospheric deposition. The highest proportion of
aerial biomass (BA), was found in PESM-Cn (60.75 Mg ha-1),
followed by PEFI (27.39 Mg ha-1) and URCP (19.08 Mg ha-1). As
expected, the BRF variation in the studied sites is lower than the
BA because the root tends to adjust to the water and nutrients
level, while the aerial part varied with the successional stage.
This study provided, for the first time, a temporal and spatial
analysis of fine root decomposition in the Atlantic Forest and
emphasizes the need to evaluate aspects of the root production at
the landscape scale and for further periods of time, in order to
produce more data on the dynamics of fine roots in the Atlantic
Forest. The results of this study will be useful for carbon and
xviii nutrient balances in the soil-plant-atmosphere compartments,
environmental modeling and ecosystem studies.",
committee = "Alval{\'a}, Pl{\'{\i}}nio Carlos (presidente) and Forti, Maria
Cristina (orientadora) and Becerra, Jorge Alberto Bustamante and
Camargo, Pl{\'{\i}}nio Barbosa de and Leal, Karinne Reis
Deusdar{\'a}",
englishtitle = "Fine root dynamics in relation to the sazonal availability of
nutrients and of different levels of humid deposition in tropical
forest",
language = "pt",
pages = "186",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3QFCPPL",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3QFCPPL",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}